Though the seeds of the theory can be found in the hedonists Aristippus and Epicurus, who viewed happiness as the only good, and in the work of the medieval Indian philosopher Śāntideva, the tradition of modern utilitarianism began with Jeremy Bentham, and continued with such philosophers as John Stuart Mill, Henry Sidgwick, R. There is also disagreement as to whether total utility ( total utilitarianism), average utility ( average utilitarianism) or the utility of the people worst-off should be maximized. Proponents of utilitarianism have disagreed on a number of issues, such as whether actions should be chosen based on their likely results ( act utilitarianism), or whether agents should conform to rules that maximize utility ( rule utilitarianism). Unlike other forms of consequentialism, such as egoism and altruism, utilitarianism considers the interests of all humans equally. Utilitarianism is a version of consequentialism, which states that the consequences of any action are the only standard of right and wrong. to prevent the happening of mischief, pain, evil, or unhappiness to the party whose interest is considered. That property in any object, whereby it tends to produce benefit, advantage, pleasure, good, or happiness . For instance, Jeremy Bentham, the founder of utilitarianism, described utility as: Īlthough different varieties of utilitarianism admit different characterizations, the basic idea behind all of them is, in some sense, to maximize utility, which is often defined in terms of well-being or related concepts. Published in cooperation with the University of Calgary Press, supplementary volumes are complimentary with a paper subscription to the Journal, and are also available from uniPresses.In ethical philosophy, utilitarianism is a family of normative ethical theories that prescribe actions that maximize happiness and well-being for all affected individuals. In addition to its four quarterly issues, CJP publishes an annual Supplementary Volume of invited papers on a topic of current philosophical interest. CJP's annual acceptance rate is typically close to 8%. All papers are blindly reviewed and are selected on the basis of whether they make significant, original contributions to the philosophical debates they address. The Journal receives close to 300 submissions every year from an international community of authors, and it uses a distinguished international list of philosophers to referee these submissions. CJP aims to publish the best work in any area of philosophy in French or English. Since its founding, CJP has grown into a widely respected philosophy journal with an international reputation. The Canadian Journal of Philosophy was founded in 1971 by four Alberta philosophers, John King-Farlow, Kai Nielsen, T.M.
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